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Non-Orientable P-Surface
—Surface area
—Centreline length
—Validity
—Width range (X)
Controls
a · radius
b · width
U segments
V segments
Tracking · surface area over time
Equation (exact, from the Parametric Geometry Engine)
θ = 2π·u, t = (v − 0.5)·b
X = (a + t·cos(θ/2))·cos θ
Y = (a + t·cos(θ/2))·sin θ
Z = t·sin(θ/2)
X = (a + t·cos(θ/2))·cos θ
Y = (a + t·cos(θ/2))·sin θ
Z = t·sin(θ/2)
Geometry only. Measurements describe the surface, not routing, transport, cost or clinical benefit.